How to read it

From the straddle

An at the money call and put together cost about 0.8 of one standard deviation of the move, because the straddle prices the average size of the move. Dividing the straddle by 0.798 gives one standard deviation in index points.

From the volatility

Implied volatility is a yearly figure. Level times volatility times the square root of the days over 365 gives the same one standard deviation, with no option price needed beyond the volatility itself.

Why the two differ

The straddle is a price at one strike, and carries the skew of that strike and a small discount. The volatility box starts at the chain's volatility at the forward. They agree to within a few points of the index on a calm day.

Read the range as a description

A range of one standard deviation holds about two thirds of outcomes in the model; the density chart shows the shape. The last section tests the straddle range on every dated expiry in the file. The expected move module gives the method, and the implied volatility question page the short version.

What it leaves out

The range is what the prices imply, in a lognormal model with one volatility; it is not a prediction of where the index will end and it says nothing about direction. Weekends and holidays count as calendar days, as the engine's time to expiry does. The expiries in the evidence table overlap, so they are far fewer than independent trials, and a count that small cannot separate a good range from a lucky one.

Go to the source

  1. NSE, equity derivatives contract specifications: European exercise, cash settlement and lot sizes
  2. NSE, India VIX: what it measures and how it is computed